The imperative mood, which only has first-person plural and second-person singular and plural forms, usually has forms similar or identical to the corresponding ones in the present indicative.Įvery French noun has a grammatical gender, either masculine or feminine. Forms of être are also used with the past participles of transitive verbs to form the passive voice. The participle agrees with the subject when the auxiliary is être, and with a preceding direct object (if any) when the auxiliary is avoir. For most main verbs the auxiliary is (the appropriate form of) avoir ("to have"), but for reflexive verbs and certain intransitive verbs the auxiliary is a form of être ("to be"). As in English, the subject must be included (except in the imperative mood) in other words, unlike other Romance languages, French is neither a null-subject nor a pro-drop language.Īuxiliary verbs are combined with past participles of main verbs to produce compound tenses, including the compound past ( passé composé). Verbs in the finite moods (indicative, imperative, subjunctive, and conditional) are also conjugated to agree with their subjects in person (first, second, or third) and number (singular or plural). However, the simple past is rarely used in informal French, and the imperfect subjunctive is rarely used in modern French. The simple (one-word) forms are commonly referred to as the present, the simple past or preterite (past tense, perfective aspect), the imperfect (past tense, imperfective aspect), the future, the conditional, the present subjunctive, and the imperfect subjunctive. Some of these features are combined into seven tense–aspect–mood combinations.
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